“It’s the
science, stupid! Climate change is happening, humans are causing it, and action
is urgent,” tweeted Connie Hedegaard, the EU's commissioner for climate action
after Friday’s presentation in Stockholm
of the most exhaustive and authoritative report on the state of climate science
to date.
She could have
added that Portugal, along
with Denmark and Sweden, are
showing the way.
The final report
of the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), compiled from 9,000
scientific studies by 800 scientists in many countries, has concluded there is now a 95% certainty that humans are the chief cause of global warming.
Many sceptics
will still side with the 5% uncertainty. Some are pointing to the IPCC’s
findings that there has been a ‘pause’ with world temperatures
barely rising over the past 15 years.
Samantha Smith, leader of the World
Wildlife Fund’s Global Climate & Energy Initiative, has a more
representative view.
“Whichever facts
may be discussed, debated or distorted, we cannot ignore the reality that we
must act or face frightening new impacts. We know that most of the pollution
that causes climate change comes from burning fossil fuels. WWF calls on
governments and investors to stop investing in dirty energy and start an
immediate and just transition by investing in renewables.”
Portugal in its small way
is already doing that - though there is certainly no room for complacency and
still a long way to go in achieving previously set goals.
An earlier international report
rated Portugal
third least guilty out of 58 countries responsible for more than 90% of global
energy-related CO2 emissions.
The Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI)
for 2013 said Portugal’s
high ranking was due to a reduction in energy consumption as a consequence of
the economic crisis. The downward trend
in the use of electricity, gas, petrol and diesel per person is expected to
continue. So perhaps there is something
to be said for austerity after all.
Another study, conducted
on behalf of the European Commission and published in February this year,
highlighted the promotion of renewable energy as a key element of Portugal’s
energy strategy.
It noted that
climate-related policies had lost priority in the political agenda due to the
economic crisis. Even so, the latest national
projections show that with existing measures Portugal is expected to meet its
greenhouse gas emission targets for 2020.
Renewable energy
technologies in Portugal
made up 24.6% of the total energy consumption in 2010, placing this country in
a good position to meet its 2020 goal of 31%.
Renewables,
including photovoltaic, wind and hydro
power sources, now account for almost half of the electricity generated in Portugal.
Of the 58
countries evaluated in the latest annual CCPI study, Denmark,
Sweden and Portugal were accompanied high up in the
approval rating by Ireland
and the UK.
The United States
was way down. China, Russia and Canada were near the bottom. Iran and Saudi Arabia came last.
.Urgent action is now required in response to the starkest
“unequivocal” warning yet, say the world’s leading climate change scientists.
Of course,
climate change knows no borders. People everywhere will suffer if the
predicted extremes of heat, drought and flooding come to pass.
If the IPCC's 95% certainty is more or less accurate, it is now up to the rich
and powerful countries to stop dithering and take urgent steps to save the planet instead
of wrecking it.