UNITED NATIONS CLIMATE SUMMIT

As the world faces escalating environmental crises, the annual United Nations climate summit, this year titled COP29, has convened to address urgent solutions for a rapidly warming planet. Scientists say that a climate apocalypse is still preventable, but only if robust measures are taken without further delay. This is the immense challenge facing the United Nations summit conference being held this week.

Almost 200 countries were invited to take part in the latest annual summit – being held this year in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan. COP29 seeks to drive bold commitments toward drastically reducing global emissions, secure substantial financial support from developed nations to aid vulnerable countries and foster unprecedented levels of international collaboration to counteract the intensifying effects of climate change. Key objectives include finalising agreements on climate finance mechanisms, establishing stricter accountability for national targets, and advancing policies to support sustainable development worldwide. 

Portugal’s former prime minister, now leader of the United Nations, Antonio Guterres, spoke at the opening ceremony on Monday. “We are in the final countdown to limit global climate temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius. And time is not on our side.”

Mr Guterres continued with dire warnings: “With the hottest day on record...  the hottest months on record...  this is almost certain to be the hottest year on record and a master class in climate destruction – families running for their lives before the next hurricane strikes, biodiversity destroyed in sweltering seas, workers and pilgrims collapsing in insufferable heat, floods tearing through communities and tearing down infrastructure, children going to bed hungry as droughts ravage crops. And all these disasters and more are being supercharged by human-made climate change. And no country is spared..”

Many leaders have declined to attend the conference for one reason or another. Neither President Biden nor Vice-President Harris is attending, though Biden sent an envoy who said that global warming is “a life-or-death fight.” 

President-elect Donald Trump is certainly not attending as he is not only in denial about global warming but threatening to dismantle the international climate efforts approved at the Paris Agreement in 2016. 

Other absentees at the summit include Britain’s dedicated environmentalist, King Charles lll, the head of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, Russia’s President Putin, France’s President Macron, and Germany’s Chancellor Scholz. China is not represented by President Xi Jinping, but by his deputy, Han Zheng.

“It is hard to imagine a less plausible venue for the annual UN-sponsored conference than the dictatorial petrostate of Azerbaijan,” wrote Gwynne Dyer in the Portugal News. The eastern European country of Azerbaijan continues to export huge amounts of oil and gas, two of the fossil fuels massively harming the modern world. In recent years, Portugal has been energetically minimising its use of such fossil fuels. 

The island state of Papua New Guinea has refused to take part in the summit saying that it is “a waste of time.”

Island states are the most vulnerable in the world to climate change due mainly to rising sea levels that are threatening to swamp them. Portugal is a particularly vulnerable mainland country ever threatened by wildfires, drought, and flooding. Rising sea levels could completely saturate Portugal’s beautiful low-lying coastal areas, eradicating beaches along with the tourist economy.

Top of this week’s working agenda is the highly controversial financial deal needed for wealthy countries to pay the poorer countries suffering the worst because of the greenhouse gas emissions caused by China, North America, Russia, India, and wealthier European nations. In 2019, the richer nations promised to provide the poorer ones $100 billion (more than €94 billion) a year. 

“The rich cause the problem, the poor pay the price,” said Mr Guterres.

Let’s see what the COP29 conference comes up with.  

An update will be here early next week.

Written by Len Port.

Edited by Catriona Anderson.